University of Oregon librarians have been superheroes.
Jan Bardsley and anonymous readers offered important assessments and advice. Copy editor Sally Serafim took much care with the text. I great appreciate senior production editor Judith Hibbard’s efficiency and enthusiasm. Stacy’s insights were always helpful and perceptive, her visions for the book more than I could have imagined. I have thoroughly enjoyed working with Stanford University Press acquisitions editor Stacy Wagner, her assistant Jessica Walsh, and other members of her staff. Part of the book was written during one year at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign. The University of Oregon has given me the gift of research time as well as funding, especially the Department of East Asian Languages and Literatures, Center for Asian and Pacific Studies, Center for the Study of Women and Society, and Oregon Humanities Center, along with Junior Professorship Development and New Faculty awards. Most materials for this book were collected in the libraries of these two universities.
Time spent at Waseda University with a grant from the Japanese Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science, and Technology and summers at Sophia University provided the means to research in detail and observe firsthand Tokyo in transit. I feel honored to have been mentored by Brett de Bary at Cornell University. I would like to thank Norma Field at the University of Chicago for her thoughtful readings of my work and for teaching me the importance of art in society and the role of the academic in the world. Those not named here please know, in other ways, the depth of my gratitude. This book came to fruition only with the encouragement, guidance, critique, inspiration, patience, and humor of many people and the generosity of numerous organizations. Study of Women’s Legs, 1931 192 f i g u r e 20. Kobayashi Reiko (Koreko) Bus Girl Figurine 222 Bus Conductor Takakusagawa Chieko 184 f i g u r e 18. Yasumoto Ryōichi, Gasoline Girl Cartoon, 1930 190 f i g u r e 19. Kon Wajirō and Yoshida Kenkichi, The Main Street of Shinjuku in the 1920s 144 f i g u r e 13. Dating in Shinjuku Station 147 f i g u r e 14. Shinjuku Station Message Board, 1931 150 f i g u r e 15. Yoshioka Shimahei, 1922 Bus Conductor Cartoon 180 f i g u r e 16. Okamoto Ippei, Early 1920s Bus ConductorĬartoon 181 f i g u r e 17. First Page of “Examining the City” 122 f i g u r e 11. Second and Third Shinjuku Station Buildings 138 f i g u r e 12. Mitsutani Kunishirō, “Student DreamsĪnd Realities” 76 f i g u r e 9. “Student Progress over Ten Years” 75 f i g u r e 8. Tokyo’s Crowded Streetcars 39 f i g u r e 6. Kitazawa Rakuten, “The Green Ticket” 42 f i g u r e 7. Tokyo Schoolgirls, 1910 28 f i g u r e 4. Kitazawa Rakuten, “Salaryman Hell” 34 f i g u r e 5.
JR East Tokyo Railway Map 2 f i g u r e 2. Introduction Tokyo on the Rails and Road: Mass Transportation as Cultural and Social Vehicles 1 1 Eyewitness Accounts: Observations of Salarymen and Schoolgirls on Tokyo’s First Trains 27 2 Boys Who Feared Trains: University Students, Railway Trauma, and the Health of the Nation 68 3 Shinjuku Station Sketches: Constructing an Icon of Modern Daily Life 116 4 From Modern Girls in Motion to Figures of Nostalgia: “Bus Girls” in the Popular Imagination 173 The Corpse Introducer by Kawabata Yasunari 225į i g u r e 1. Tokyo (Japan)-Social life and customs-1912-1945. Local transit-Social aspects-Japan-Tokyo-History-20th century. Railroad travel-Social aspects-Japan-Tokyo-History-20th century. Commuting-Social aspects- Japan-Tokyo-History-20th century. 2. Japanese literature-20th century-History and criticism. Japanese literature-Japan-Tokyo-History and criticism. Includes bibliographical references and index. Tokyo in transit : Japanese culture on the rails and road / Alisa Freedman. Printed in the United States of America on acid-free, archival-quality paper Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Freedman, Alisa. No part of this book may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and recording, or in any information storage or retrieval system without the prior written permission of Stanford University Press. Copyright © 1929 by Yasunari Kawabata, translated and reprinted with permission of The Wylie Agency LLC. Stanford University Press Stanford, California © 2011 by the Board of Trustees of the Leland Stanford Junior University.
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